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Motion-based ERP spellers in a covert attention paradigm AbstractThere is evidence that visual brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) using overt attention depend on eye movements, which limits their clinical applicability. Besides, usual intensification types can be discomforting for the user. As a solution to these shortcomings, three spellers based on motion Visual Evoked Potentials (mVEPs) were developed and evaluated in this online study. mVEPs have favorable characteristics, i.e., low contrast and luminance requirements, low variability, high amplitudes and localized spatial distribution but are only recently employed as BCI input signal. Methods: El
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